Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) 2026/27
Last updated: March 2026 — Rates for the 2026/27 tax year
Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) provides financial support to people who have limited capability for work due to illness or disability. Like JSA, there are two types: contribution-based ESA (now called 'new style' ESA) and income-related ESA. Income-related ESA has been replaced by Universal Credit for new claims, so most new claimants will apply for new style ESA, often alongside Universal Credit.
When you first claim ESA, you enter an assessment phase lasting up to 13 weeks, during which you receive a basic rate of £75.65 (under 25) or £95.55 (25 or over) per week. During this phase, you will undergo a Work Capability Assessment (WCA) to determine whether you have limited capability for work. After the assessment, you are placed in one of two groups: the Support Group (if your condition severely limits your ability to work) at £145.90 per week, or the Work-Related Activity Group at £133.50 per week.
New style ESA is based on your NI contributions and is not affected by your partner's income or savings. It can be paid for up to 365 days if you are in the Work-Related Activity Group, or indefinitely if you are in the Support Group. If you are also claiming Universal Credit, you will receive the Limited Capability for Work and Work-Related Activity (LCWRA) element within UC, which is worth £429.80 per month.
Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) Rates 2026/27
Eligibility
- You have a health condition or disability that affects your ability to work
- You are aged 16 or over but below State Pension age
- You are not receiving Statutory Sick Pay
- For new style ESA: sufficient Class 1 or Class 2 NI contributions in the relevant tax years
How to Claim
Claim new style ESA by calling 0800 328 5644 or apply online at gov.uk/employment-support-allowance/how-to-claim. You will need a fit note (sick note) from your doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the Work Capability Assessment?▾
The Work Capability Assessment (WCA) is used to determine whether you have limited capability for work and, if so, whether you should be placed in the Support Group or the Work-Related Activity Group. It consists of a questionnaire (ESA50) and may include a face-to-face assessment with a healthcare professional. The assessment looks at physical and mental health activities.
Can I work while receiving ESA?▾
You can do 'permitted work' of up to 16 hours per week and earn up to £183 per week without affecting your new style ESA. This is designed to help you gradually return to work. If you are also on Universal Credit, your UC earnings taper will apply separately.
What is the difference between ESA and Universal Credit with LCWRA?▾
New style ESA is contribution-based and paid to individuals regardless of household income. Universal Credit with LCWRA is means-tested and takes into account your household income and savings. You can receive both at the same time — the ESA amount is deducted from your UC, but claiming ESA protects your NI record. The UC LCWRA element (£429.80/month) is often more generous than the ESA rate alone.
Related Tools
Related Benefits
Universal Credit
A monthly payment to help with living costs if you are on a low income or out of work.
Personal Independence Payment (PIP)
A benefit to help with extra costs if you have a long-term health condition or disability.
Jobseeker's Allowance (JSA)
Financial support while you are looking for work.